Q1 Optic disc drusen are made of?
a Hyaline deposits
b Calcium
c Amyloid
d All of the above
Q 2 Which condition is associated with disc drusen?
a. Retinitis pigmentosa
b. Age-related macular degeneration
c. Retinal detachment
d. Retinoschisis
Q 3 All of the following are investigations for diagnosis of disc drusen except?
a. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
b. Autofluorescence
d. B-scan ultrasonography
e. Orbital computed tomography (CT)
Q4 Visual loss due to optic disc drusen can result from?
a. Optic atrophy
b. Retinal detachment
c. Papilloedema
d. Venous occlusion
e. Peripapillary choroidal neovascularization
Q.1 Ans a
Optic disc drusen (ODD) are acellular hyaline deposits within the optic nerve head.
Auw-Haedrich C, Staubach F, Witschel H. Optic disk drusen. Surv Ophthalmol. 2002; 47(6):515–32. Epub 2002/12/31. PMID: 12504737.
Q.2 Ans a
The associations of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) with optic nerve drusen are well recognized.
Buys YM, Pavlin CJ. Retinitis pigmentosa, nanophthalmos, and optic disc drusen: a case report. Ophthalmology. 1999 Mar;106(3):619-22. doi: 10.1016/S0161-6420(99)90126-4. PMID: 10080224.
Lorentzen SE. Drusen of the optic disk. A clinical and genetic study. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1966: Suppl 90:1-180. PMID: 6012937.
Q.3 Ans a
The role of optical coherence tomography in optic disc drusen diagnostics has recently expanded greatly as the technique is now able to visualize deeper layers of the retina and optic nerve head. B-scan ultrasonography is a reliable, relatively inexpensive, and fast method traditionally used to detect calcified ODD. Optic disc drusen (ODD) are also autofluorescent and can be seen on fundus autofluorescence. Optic disc drusen (ODD) may also be detected with Orbital computed tomography imaging as hyperdense spots.
Hamann S, Malmqvist L, Costello F. Optic disc drusen: understanding an old problem from a new perspective. Acta Ophthalmol. 2018 Nov;96(7):673-684. doi: 10.1111/aos.13748. Epub 2018 Apr 16. PMID: 29659172.
Q.4 Ans a, d, e
Visual loss from optic disc drusen can result from optic atrophy, venous occlusion, and
peripapillary choroidal neovascularization. It may also result from non-arteritic anterior
ischemic optic neuropathy.
Chang MY, Pineles SL. Optic disk drusen in children. Surv Ophthalmol. 2016 Nov-Dec;61(6):745-758. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2016.03.007. Epub 2016 Mar 29. PMID: 27033945; PMCID: PMC5042815.